Panturu, Van Kleef & Eijkenaar (2025), Ex ante evaluation of risk adjustment models for prospective provider payment: a conceptual framework and empirical application, European Journal of Health Economics. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-025-01871-7
Henriquez, McGuire, Van Kleef, Paolucci & Matthews (2026), Policy innovation in voluntary hospital private health insurance: combining risk adjustment and risk sharing in Australia, Health Policy. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2026.105584
Oskam, Van Vliet & Van Kleef (2025), Does health-based prospective risk adjustment adequately compensate for individuals diagnosed with a new chronic disease? Medical Care Research and Review.
Michel Oskam, Richard van Kleef & René van Vliet (2024), Supplementing risk adjustment with high-risk pooling using historical data for identifying the high-risks, Journal of Risk and Insurance. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jori.12500
Van Kleef, R.C., Reuser, M., Stam, P.J. & Van de Ven, W.P.M.M. (2024). A framework for ex-ante evaluation of the potential effects of risk equalization and risk sharing in health insurance markets with regulated competition. Health Economics Review. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13561-024-00540-4
Wynand P.M.M. van de Ven & Richard C. van Kleef (2024). A critical review of the use of R2 in risk equalization research. The European Journal of Health Economics. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-024-01709-8
Andreea Panturu, Richard van Kleef, Frank Eijkenaar & Daniëlle Cattel (2024). A Framework for the Design of Risk-Adjustment Models in Health care Provider Payment Systems. Medical Care Research and Review. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/10775587241273355
A.A. Withagen-Koster, R.C. van Kleef & F. Eijkenaar (2024). High-risk pooling for mitigating risk selection incentives in health insurance markets with sophisticated risk equalization: An application based on health survey information. BMC Health Services Research. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-024-10774-x
Van Kleef, R., van Vliet, R. & Oskam, M. (2023). Risk Adjustment in Health Insurance Markets Do Not Overlook the “Real” Healthy. Medical Care, special issue on “STATISTICAL METHODS FOR RISK ADJUSTMENT IN HEALTH CARE”. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0000000000001955
Richard C. van Kleef, Mieke Reuser, Thomas G. McGuire, John Armstrong, Konstantin Beck, Shuli Brammli-Greenberg, Randall P. Ellis, Francesco Paolucci, Erik Schokkaert & Juergen Wasem (2024). Scope and Incentives for Risk Selection in Health Insurance Markets with Regulated Competition – A Conceptual Framework and International Comparison, Medical Care Research and Review. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/10775587231222584
Anja Withagen-Koster, Richard van Kleef & Frank Eijkenaar (2023). Predictable profits and losses in a health insurance market with risk equalization: A multiple-contract period perspective. Health Policy, 131: 104763. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2023.104763
Michel Oskam, Richard van Kleef & Rudy Douven (2023) Heteroscedasticity of residual spending after risk equalization: a potential source of selection incentives in health insurance markets with premium regulation. The European Journal of Health Economics. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-023-01592-9
Withagen-Koster, A.A., R.C. van Kleef, F. Eijkenaar (2022) Selection incentives in the Dutch Basic Health Insurance: To what extent does end-of-life spending contribute to predictable profits and losses for selective groups? em>MMedical Care Research and Review. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F10775587221099731
Klein, P.P., R.C. van Kleef. J. Henriquez, F. Paolucci (2022) The interplay between risk adjustment and risk rating in voluntary health insurance. em>JJournal of Risk and Insurance. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jori.12394
Van de Ven, W., G. Hamstra, R. van Kleef, M. Reuser, P. Stam (2022). The goal of risk equalization in regulated competitive health insurance markets, EEuropean Journal of Health Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-022-01457-7
Van Kleef, R. R. van Vliet (2022) How to deal with persistently low/high spenders in health plan payment systems? em>Health Economics, http://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4477.
Douven, R., L. Kauer, S. Demme, F. Paolucci, W. van de Ven, J. Wasem, X. Zhao (2022). Should administrative costs be included in the risk equalization? An analysis of five countries, EEuropean Journal of Health Economics, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-022-01436-y
Antonini, M., R.C. van Kleef, J. Henriquez, F. Paolucci (2021), Can risk rating increase the ability of voluntary deductibles to reduce moral hazard? em>GGeneva Papers on Risk and Insurance, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41288-021-00253-3
R. van Kleef, M. Reuser (2021). How the COVID-19 Pandemic Can Distort Risk Adjustment of Health Plan Payment, European Journal of Health Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-021-01346-5
McGuire, T.G., S. Schillo, and R.C. van Kleef. Very High and Low Residual Spenders in Private Health Insurance Markets: Germany, The Netherlands and the US Marketplaces, em>EEuropean Journal of Health Economics
R. van Kleef, F. Eijkenaar, R van Vliet & M. Nielen (2020). Exploiting incomplete information in risk adjustment using constrained regression, American Journal of Health Economics, https://doi.org/10.1086/710526
T. McGuire, R. van Kleef, S. van Veen, Paying for Mental Health Care in Private Health Insurance in The Netherlands: Some Lessons for the U.S, Psychiatric Services, accepted February 18, 2020/li>
Withagen-Koster, A.A., van Kleef, R.C. & Eijkenaar, F. (2020) Incorporating self-reported health measures in risk equalization through constrained regression. EEur J Health Econ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-019-01146-y
McGuire T., Schillo S., van Kleef R. (2019) Reinsurance, Repayments, and Risk Adjustment in Individual Health Insurance: Germany, The Netherlands and the US Marketplaces,em> American Journal of Health Economics
R. van Kleef, T. McGuire, E. Schut, W. van de Ven (2019). Strategies to counteract risk selection in social health insurance markets. Oxford Encyclopedia of Health Economics, Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190625979.013.62
R. van Kleef, F. Eijkenaar, R. van Vliet (2019), Selection incentives for health insurers in the presence of sophisticated risk adjustment, Medical Care Research and Review
Eijkenaar, F,, R van Kleef, R van Vliet (2018), Risk equalization in competitive health insurance markets: identifying healthy individuals on the basis of multiple-year low spending, Health Services Research
TT.J Layton, T.G. McGuire and R.C. van Kleef. (2018). "Deriving risk adjustment payment weights to maximize efficiency of health insurance markets", Journal of Health Economics, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.07.001
A.A. Withagen-Koster, R.C. van Kleef & F. Eijkenaar (2018). Examining unpriced risk heterogeneity in the Dutch health insurance market. em>The European Journal Of Health Economics. doi: 10.1007/s10198-018-0979-x
S.H.C.M. van Veen, R.C. van Kleef, R.C.J.A. van Vliet & W.P.M.M. van de Ven (2017). a href="http://hdl.handle.net/1765/105509">Exploring the Predictive Power of Interaction Terms in a Sophisticated Risk Equalization Model using Regression Trees. Health Economics. doi: 10.1002/hec.3523
R.C. van Kleef, R.C.J.A. van Vliet & W.P.M.M. van de Ven (2015). a href="https://esb.nu/binaries/2001/22/30/628-631_KLEEF.pdf">Risicoselectie tegengaan met behoud van doelmatigheid. Economisch-Statistische Berichten, 100 (4720), 628-631.
R.C. van Kleef, W.P.M.M. van de Ven & R.C.J.A. van Vliet (2013). a href="http://hdl.handle.net/1765/68254">Risk selection in a regulated health insurance market: a review of the concept, possibilities and effects. EExpert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research, 13 (6), 743-752. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737167.2013.841546