PhD defence W.B. (Willy) Theel

Below is a brief summary of the dissertation:

This thesis investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical implications of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. MASLD is closely linked to obesity and metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and increases the risk of both liver-related and cardiovascular complications.

Across diverse populations, including bariatric patients, cardiometabolic cohorts, and elderly individuals, MASLD is highly prevalent and often remains undiagnosed due to its asymptomatic nature. Non-invasive diagnostic tools, such as transient elastography and biomarker-based scores, are shown to be valuable for early detection and risk stratification, reducing the need for liver biopsy.

The findings highlight liver fibrosis as a key determinant of prognosis and demonstrate a strong association between MASLD and cardiovascular risk. Genetic predisposition also contributes to disease susceptibility and progression. Interventions such as bariatric surgery significantly improve liver steatosis and metabolic health, although fibrosis does not always fully resolve. Additionally, statin therapy may provide dual benefits by reducing cardiovascular risk and overall mortality in patients at risk of advanced liver disease.

Overall, this thesis underscores that MASLD is a multisystem disease requiring an integrated approach to diagnosis and management, with a focus on early identification, risk stratification, and combined treatment of hepatic and cardiovascular complications.