Why Regression Discontinuity Designs Have Often Underestimated the Incumbency Advantage Effect: Why Should Economists Be Interested in Theory?

Behaviour, Organisations and Markets Seminar
Langeveld building with Lustrum logo

The incumbency advantage, the electoral benefit from holding office, is widely estimated using regression discontinuity designs (RDDs) in close elections. Existing estimates typically pool first-term and multiple-term incumbents.  

Speaker
Date
Tuesday 7 Apr 2026, 13:00 - 14:15
Type
Seminar
Room
1.02
Building
Langeveld Building
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We show that this pooling attenuates RDD estimates when candidate characteristics contain persistent shocks, such as quality: a multiple-term incumbent who barely wins has already revealed low quality, fully absorbing the incumbency premium. 

Using U.S. House (1942-2008) and Portuguese municipal elections (1976-2025), estimates for one-term incumbents are 13.5 and 13.8 percentage points versus 7.8 and 2.8 pp for multiple-term incumbents. 

Standard pooled RDD estimates understate the causal incumbency advantage from first-time officeholding by 20-30 percent.

Registration for bilateral, lunch or dinner

Lunch will be provided. If you would like to meet the guest speaker for a bilateral, join for lunch or dinner, then please register by filling in the registration form.

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